Increasing attention has been focused on the health effects of urban transport in recent years.  This report highlights the framework in which integrated assessment of the effects of urban transport on health can be carried out. The discussion is based on the results of a research project called HEARTS (health effects and risks of transport systems) conducted as part of the Fifth Framework Programme of the European Union by an international consortium, including leading European research institutions and the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health. The HEARTS project provides a method for estimating the health effects of air pollution, noise and road accidents and an instrument for integrating health impact assessment in the decision-making on and assessment of transport and land-use policies in urban areas.

This is a World Health Organization report.